Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf: How to Read and Understand the Javanese Chronicle
Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf: A Historical Book on the History of Java
If you are interested in learning more about the history of Java, one of the most populous and diverse islands in Indonesia, you might want to check out Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf. This is a historical book that narrates the history of Java from ancient times to the 18th century, covering various kingdoms, dynasties, wars, legends, and myths. In this article, we will explore what Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf is, how it was written, what it contains, and why it is valuable and significant for anyone who wants to understand Java's rich and complex past.
Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdfl
Introduction
Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf is a digital version of a printed book that is based on a manuscript called Babad Tanah Jawi. The word "babad" means "chronicle" or "history" in Javanese, while "tanah jawi" means "land of Java". Therefore, Babad Tanah Jawi can be translated as "The History of Java". The manuscript is written in Javanese language using a script derived from Arabic. It consists of verses that follow a poetic meter called tembang macapat. The verses are arranged into chapters that tell different stories and events related to Java's history.
Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf is important and interesting for several reasons. First, it is one of the oldest and most comprehensive sources of Java's history that has survived until today. It covers a long span of time from the creation of the world to the rise and fall of various kingdoms in Java, such as Pajang, Mataram, Kartasura, Surakarta, and Yogyakarta. Second, it is not only a historical document but also a literary work that reflects the culture, values, beliefs, and worldview of Javanese people. It contains many stories that are based on myths, legends, folklore, and oral traditions that are unique and fascinating. Third, it is a source of inspiration and influence for many other historical works and sources that were written later by different authors and scholars.
The main topics covered in Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf include:
The origin and genealogy of Java's rulers and nobles
The establishment and expansion of various kingdoms in Java
The conflicts and wars between different kingdoms and factions
The relations and interactions between Java and other regions or countries
The religious and cultural developments in Java
The supernatural phenomena and miracles that occurred in Java
The prophecies and predictions about Java's future
The Origin and Versions of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf
Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf was not written by a single author or at a single time. It is a product of a long process of compilation, editing, copying, transmission, translation, and publication that involved many people over several centuries. Therefore, there are many versions and variations of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf that exist today.
According to some historians, such as Hoesein Djajadiningrat, the origin of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf can be traced back to two main sources. The first source is a manuscript that was written by Carik Braja under the order of Sunan Pakubuwono III, the king of Mataram Surakarta in the late 18th century. This manuscript was then circulated to the public in 1788. The second source is a manuscript that was published by P. Adilangu II with an oldest date of 1722. The difference between these two sources lies in their narration of Java's ancient history before the emergence of Mataram kingdom. The first source only gives a brief account of Mataram's genealogy with some annotations, while the second source provides a detailed story with many elaborations.
One of the most popular versions of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf today is based on a prose version that was written by Ngabehi Kertapradja under the initiative of JJ Meinsma in 1874. This version is also known as Meinsma's version. Kertapradja wrote this prose version based on Carik Braja's manuscript. Meinsma then published this version in Dutch language with some annotations and corrections. This version has been widely distributed until now.
Another version of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf that is also widely available today is based on an original verse version that was published by Balai Pustaka in several volumes before World War II. This version preserves the original form and language of Babad Tanah Jawi in tembang macapat verses using Javanese script.
The Content and Structure of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf
and exaggerations. Therefore, it is not easy to summarize or categorize the content and structure of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf in a simple way.
However, one possible way to understand the content and structure of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf is to divide it into three main parts. The first part covers the history of Java from the creation of the world to the rise of Mataram kingdom in the 16th century. The second part covers the history of Mataram kingdom from its peak to its decline and division in the 17th and 18th centuries. The third part covers the history of Surakarta and Yogyakarta kingdoms that emerged from Mataram's split until the end of the 18th century.
The first part of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf begins with a cosmological account of how God created the world and its inhabitants, including Adam and Eve, the first humans. It then narrates how Adam and Eve descended to Java and became the ancestors of Java's rulers and nobles. It also tells how Java was ruled by various dynasties, such as Saka, Sanjaya, Sailendra, Isyana, Kediri, Singhasari, Majapahit, Demak, Pajang, and Mataram. It also includes many stories that are based on myths and legends, such as the story of Ratu Kidul, the queen of the southern sea, who married several kings of Java; the story of Panji Asmoro Bangun, a hero who fought against injustice and tyranny; and the story of Siti Jenar, a mystical figure who challenged orthodox Islam.
The second part of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf focuses on the history of Mataram kingdom that was founded by Ki Ageng Pemanahan and his son Sutawijaya in the late 16th century. It describes how Mataram expanded its territory and power by conquering or allying with other kingdoms in Java and beyond. It also depicts how Mataram faced various challenges and crises, such as rebellions, invasions, famines, plagues, natural disasters, succession disputes, and internal conflicts. It also highlights how Mataram interacted with other regions or countries, such as Aceh, Banten, Malacca, Makassar, Bali, Madura, Banjar, VOC (Dutch East India Company), England, Portugal, Spain, China, India, Persia, Arabia, Turkey, and Egypt. It also illustrates how Mataram experienced religious and cultural developments, such as the spread of Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism; the emergence of various sects and schools; the production of various literary and artistic works; and the adoption of various customs and traditions.
The third part of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf continues the history of Mataram kingdom after it was divided into two kingdoms: Surakarta and Yogyakarta in 1755. It narrates how Surakarta and Yogyakarta competed or cooperated with each other in various aspects. It also recounts how Surakarta and Yogyakarta dealt with various issues and events that affected Java in the late 18th century. These include: the rise and fall of Mangkubumi (later Sultan Hamengkubuwono I), who led a rebellion against Surakarta; the eruption of Mount Merapi (Merbabu) that destroyed Kartasura; the invasion of VOC that occupied several regions in Java; the emergence of Prince Diponegoro (later Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX), who led a war against VOC; and the arrival of British forces that temporarily replaced VOC.
The Historical Value and Significance of Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf
Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf has a high historical value and significance for several reasons. First, it is a primary source that provides firsthand information about Java's history from a Javanese perspective. It reveals how Javanese people understood their own past and identity through their own language and culture. It also shows how Javanese people interpreted their own history in relation to other regions or countries that influenced or affected them.
Second, it is a secondary source that synthesizes information from various other sources that are no longer available or accessible today. It incorporates information from oral traditions that were passed down from generation to generation; from inscriptions that were carved on stones or metals; from manuscripts that were written on palm leaves or papers; from books that were printed or published by different authors or publishers; and from records that were kept by different institutions or organizations.
Third, it is a source of inspiration and influence for many other historical works and sources that were written later by different authors or scholars. It has been used as a reference or a model for writing other histories of Java or Indonesia. It has also been translated into different languages or scripts for wider dissemination or accessibility. It has also been adapted into different forms or genres for different purposes or audiences. For example: it has been turned into novels or comics for entertainment or education; it has been dramatized into plays or movies for art or culture; it has been analyzed into essays or articles for research or critique.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf is a historical book that narrates the history of Java from ancient times to the 18th century. It is based on a manuscript called Babad Tanah Jawi that was written by various authors over several centuries. It covers various topics related to Java's history such as kingdoms dynasties wars legends myths religions cultures interactions prophecies predictions etc. It has a complex content and structure that reflects its long history of compilation editing copying transmission translation publication etc. It has a high historical value significance for providing firsthand information synthesizing information from other sources inspiring influencing other historical works sources etc. If you want to learn more about Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf you can download it online read it online find it in libraries bookstores etc. You can also check out some other sources that are related to Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf such as:
Babad Dipanagara: an account of Diponegoro's war against VOC
Babad Giyanti: an account of Giyanti treaty that divided Mataram
Babad Mangkunegaran: an account of Mangkunegara's rebellion against Surakarta
Babad Pakualaman: an account of Pakualaman's establishment as a new kingdom
Babad Radya Pustaka: an account of Radya Pustaka museum's collection
Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf is not only a historical book but also a literary work that reflects Java's rich and complex past. By reading Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf you can gain more knowledge insight appreciation respect curiosity wonder etc about Java's history culture society etc.
FAQs
Here are some common questions and answers about Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf:
Q: Who wrote Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf?A: Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf was not written by a single author but by various authors over several centuries.
Q: When was Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf written?A: Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf was written between the 18th century to the 20th century based on earlier manuscripts.
Q: What language is Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf written in?A: Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf is written in Javanese language using Arabic script.
Q: How accurate is Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf?A: Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf is not fully accurate as it contains many errors exaggerations myths legends etc but it is still valuable as a source of information insight inspiration etc.
Q: How can I get Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf?A: You can get Buku Babad Tanah Jawa Pdf online offline in digital printed form etc.